Medical Services

Vesicovaginal fistula (VVF) is an abnormal opening between the bladder and vagina that leads to continuous leakage of urine through the vaginal canal, causing persistent wetness, odor, and discomfort in affected women. It commonly develops as a complication of difficult or obstructed labor in low?resource settings, while in developed regions it is more often linked to pelvic surgery such as hysterectomy, pelvic malignancy, radiation therapy, or severe pelvic trauma.

Women may present with constant urinary incontinence, recurrent urinary tract infections, skin irritation, and significant social and psychological distress due to embarrassment and isolation. Diagnosis relies on clinical evaluation, pelvic examination, dye tests, cystoscopy, and imaging to confirm the site and size of the fistula. Small, early fistulas may occasionally close with prolonged bladder drainage and medications, but most patients require timely surgical repair via vaginal, abdominal, laparoscopic, or robotic approaches to restore continence and improve quality of life.?