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Pre-eclampsia is a pregnancy-related condition characterized by high blood pressure and signs of organ involvement, typically developing after 20 weeks of gestation. It occurs due to abnormal placental development, leading to restricted blood flow and stress on the mother's organs. Symptoms may include severe headaches, swelling in hands or face, blurred vision, sudden weight gain, and elevated blood pressure. If left untreated, it can progress to eclampsia, a life-threatening condition marked by seizures.

Eclampsia is a medical emergency requiring immediate intervention. It can cause complications such as organ failure, placental abruption, and risks to the baby, including preterm birth or low birth weight. Early diagnosis through regular prenatal check-ups is crucial for detecting rising blood pressure, protein in urine, and abnormal blood tests.

Management of pre-eclampsia depends on the severity and the pregnancy stage. Mild cases may be controlled with close monitoring, medication to manage blood pressure, and rest. Severe cases often require hospitalization, magnesium sulfate to prevent seizures, and timely delivery to protect both mother and baby.

With prompt medical attention, most women recover fully. Awareness, early detection, and consistent antenatal care play a vital role in preventing complications and ensuring safer pregnancy outcomes.