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Molar pregnancy is a rare complication in which abnormal trophoblastic tissue grows inside the uterus instead of a healthy placenta and fetus, leading to a nonviable pregnancy. It is usually classified as complete, where no fetus forms, or partial, where abnormal tissue develops alongside nonviable embryonic tissue.?

Women may initially have typical pregnancy signs but often develop symptoms such as dark vaginal bleeding, severe nausea and vomiting, excessive uterine enlargement, pelvic pain or pressure, and sometimes passage of grape-like cysts from the vagina. Diagnosis is usually made through ultrasound and high levels of the pregnancy hormone hCG, followed by prompt treatment, most often suction evacuation of the abnormal tissue.?

After treatment, careful follow-up with serial hCG monitoring is essential to ensure all molar tissue has resolved and to detect persistent gestational trophoblastic disease, which may require additional therapy. Most women can have normal pregnancies in the future but are advised to delay conception for a recommended period after hCG levels normalise.?