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Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) are a group of infections transmitted primarily through sexual contact, including vaginal, anal, and oral sex. They are caused by bacteria, viruses, or parasites and can affect both men and women. Common STIs include chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, human papillomavirus (HPV), herpes simplex virus (HSV), and HIV/AIDS.

STIs often present with symptoms such as genital itching, discharge, pain during urination, or sores around the genital area. However, many infections remain asymptomatic in the early stages, making regular screening essential for sexually active individuals. If left untreated, STIs can lead to serious complications such as infertility, pelvic inflammatory disease, pregnancy complications, and increased vulnerability to HIV infection.

Prevention plays a key role in reducing the spread of STIs. Safe sexual practices, including the use of condoms, mutual monogamy, and timely vaccinations (such as for HPV and hepatitis B), significantly lower risk. Early medical consultation and completing prescribed treatments ensure effective management and prevent reinfection.

Raising awareness and reducing stigma around sexual health encourage timely testing and treatment, helping protect individuals and communities from the long-term effects of sexually transmitted infections.