Amenorrhea (Absence Of Menstruation)

Amenorrhea refers to the absence or complete stoppage of menstruation in women of reproductive age. It can be primary, when menstruation hasn’t begun by age 15, or secondary, when regular periods stop for three or more months in women who previously had normal cycles. Various factors contribute to amenorrhea, including hormonal imbalances, stress, excessive exercise, significant weight loss, or underlying medical conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), thyroid disorders, or pituitary gland abnormalities. In some women, structural issues in the reproductive system may also lead to amenorrhea.

Symptoms often depend on the cause and may include hot flashes, acne, hair loss, pelvic pain, or infertility. Diagnosis involves physical examination, hormonal tests, and imaging studies such as ultrasound or MRI to identify underlying causes. Treatment focuses on addressing the root cause — restoring hormonal balance, managing stress, achieving healthy weight, or correcting anatomical issues. In some cases, medication or hormone therapy may be required. Early detection helps prevent complications such as osteoporosis or infertility.