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Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) is the second most common type of skin cancer, developing from the squamous cells that form the middle and outer layers of the skin. Unlike Basal Cell Carcinoma, SCC carries a higher risk of spreading (metastasizing) if left untreated, particularly to lymph nodes and distant organs.

This condition often arises due to prolonged sun exposure, frequent tanning, or repeated skin injuries. High-risk factors include fair skin, older age, weakened immunity, and previous precancerous lesions such as actinic keratosis. SCC most frequently appears on sun-exposed areas like the face, scalp, ears, lips, and hands. Clinically, it may present as a rough, scaly patch, a non-healing sore, or a raised growth with a central ulcer.

Timely diagnosis through clinical examination and biopsy is essential. Treatment options vary depending on the tumor’s size and stage and may include surgical excision, Mohs micrographic surgery, cryotherapy, radiation therapy, or topical chemotherapy. Advanced cases may require systemic therapy.

Preventive measures such as sun protection, avoiding tanning beds, and regular skin check-ups significantly reduce the risk. With early treatment, most SCC cases can be cured effectively, preventing serious complications.