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Bullous pemphigoid is a chronic, autoimmune blistering disorder that typically affects older adults, manifesting as large, tense blisters on the skin. The disease is driven by the immune system attacking the basement membrane zone between the epidermis and dermis, leading to fluid-filled blisters that most often develop on the flexor surfaces, trunk, and sometimes in the mouth. Early symptoms may include intense itching and a pruritic rash, which may precede the appearance of blisters by weeks or months.

The exact cause is unknown, but risk factors include certain medications, light therapy, and other medical conditions like psoriasis and neurological diseases. Bullous pemphigoid is neither infectious nor contagious. Diagnosis involves a skin biopsy and immunofluorescence studies to confirm the presence of antibodies along the basement membrane.

Treatment focuses on relieving symptoms and preventing new blisters. High-potency corticosteroid creams are commonly used, along with systemic steroids in widespread cases. Immunosuppressive drugs and antibiotics may be added if required, and most patients respond well with proper management.