Epididymitis

Epididymitis is commonly caused by bacterial infections, including sexually transmitted infections like chlamydia and gonorrhea, especially in younger men. In men over 35, urinary tract infections or prostate issues are typical causes. Symptoms include pain, swelling, warmth, and tenderness in the testicle, along with possible fever, painful urination, or discharge.

Diagnosis usually involves physical examination and ultrasound to rule out other conditions like testicular torsion. Treatment typically involves antibiotics targeted to the underlying infection, alongside rest, pain relief with NSAIDs, scrotal support, and cold compresses. Most patients start to feel better within days of treatment, but some swelling and discomfort may persist for weeks. In rare cases or severe infections, surgery might be necessary to drain abscesses or remove damaged tissue. Early medical intervention and completing the full course of antibiotics are crucial for recovery and to prevent complications.