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A urethral diverticulum is a rare condition in which a pouch or sac forms along the urethra, most commonly affecting women but occasionally seen in men as well. This abnormal pocket develops due to a weakness or defect in the urethral wall, which can be caused by recurrent infections, trauma, or congenital factors.

Symptoms often include frequent urinary tract infections, painful urination, urinary urgency, dribbling between urinations, pelvic pain, or a sensation of incomplete bladder emptying. Some patients may notice painful intercourse or a palpable mass near the vaginal wall. Diagnosis involves physical examination and imaging tests like MRI or ultrasound to confirm the presence and location of the diverticulum. Treatment depends on the severity and may range from antibiotics for infections to surgical removal for persistent or symptomatic pouches, significantly improving a patient’s quality of life.