Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is a common, noncancerous enlargement of the prostate gland that typically affects older men. This condition involves the overgrowth of prostate cells in the transition zone surrounding the urethra, causing compression that can obstruct urine flow.

As the prostate enlarges, it may lead to symptoms such as frequent urination, urinary urgency, difficulty starting urination, weak urine stream, and the sensation of incomplete bladder emptying. BPH is strongly associated with aging, with prevalence increasing significantly in men over 60 years of age. It is driven by hormonal changes, particularly involving testosterone and dihydrotestosterone.
 Although BPH is not cancerous and does not increase the risk of prostate cancer, its symptoms can considerably impact quality of life. Diagnosis usually involves symptom assessment and physical examination, including a digital rectal exam.